Evaluation of the Opening Scenes of an Episode of the...

Evaluation of the Opening Scenes of an Episode of the X-Files The opening sequence of the X-Files episode Tooms uses a variety of techniques to capture the attention of the audience. The X-Files is a very popular television series written by Chris Carter. The series can be described as a hybrid genre because it reflects a number of different genres. The obvious genre is Science Fiction because one of the main themes of the series is the paranormal. However there are strong elements of the Mystery/Detective genre as the two main characters, which are FBI investigators, seek to find the truth of the paranormal. There is also a Horror/Gothic element to the series because many investigations†¦show more content†¦The affect of this is that the man seems vulnerable, and raises the audiences suspicion of what is going to happen to him. There is then a tracking shot of the man inter-cut with a close up of a roadside drain, where the creature Tooms is lurking. When focused on the drain, the camera slowly zooms in. when the camera cuts back to the man; it is a low angle tracking shot. This low angle shot gives the impression to the audience that they are looking through the eyes of whatever is in the drain. This gives the scene a sinister and foreboding atmosphere. This is emphasised when the camera zooms in of the businessman in a low angle shot and gradually becomes slow motion. The entire colour is then drained out of the frame except for the man. This emphasises the earlier point, and suggests the creature in the drain is focusing all his attention and malice on the man. At this point there is a section of music that sounds computer generated, almost alien. This adds to the malice of the creature and is repeated throughout the opening scene when there is evidence that the creature in the drain is near. This shot is then followed by a close up of the drain, showing two strange pale eyes. This maintains the audiences attention because it makes them want to discover what is in the drain and why it is there. The camera then cuts to a shot of aShow MoreRelatedManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 Pagesin Information Systems 10 PART I Information Technology Chapter 2 Computer Systems 17 19 Basic Components of Computer Systems 20 Underlying Structure 20 Input/Output 20 Computer Memory 21 Arithmetic/Logical Unit Computer Files Control Unit 23 23 25 The Stored-Program Concept 25 Types of Computer Systems 28 Microcomputers 29 Midrange Systems 30 Mainframe Computers Supercomputers 33 34 Key Types of Software 34 Applications Software 36 Read MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesWritten Warning 102 Suspension 102 Dismissal 103 Structured Job Analysis Techniques 121 O*NET and the Department of Labor 121 Position Analysis Questionnaire 122 Purpose of Job Analysis 123 Job Descriptions 123 Job Specifications 123 Job Evaluations 124 Summary 104 Demonstrating Comprehension: Questions for Review 105 Key Terms 106 107 HRM Workshop The Multifaceted Nature of Job Analysis 124 Job Design 125 Job Enrichment 125 Flexible Work Schedules 126 Job Design and Teams 127 SummaryRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesUniversity with a major in mathematics and, while acquiring graduate degrees at the University of Iowa, concentrated on statistics, computer programming, psychometrics, and test development. Currently, he divides his duties between teaching and evaluation; in addition to teaching, he is the assessment facilitator for the Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Community Schools. In his spare time he enjoys reading and hiking. He and his wife have a daughter, Anna, who is a graduate student in Civil Engineering at CalRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 Pagesconference. Langston placed three of his poems beside Lindsays luncheon plate and hurried back to the kitchen. That evening during his lecture, Lindsay announced that he had discovered a Negro busb oy poet and read Langstons poems to the audience. The episode resulted in favorable publicity for both men. A friend sent Langston an application to Lincoln University, a small, all-male, all-black school located southwest of Philadelphia. On the application Hughes wrote, I must go to college in order toRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesEmotions from Faces? 124 S A L S A L 5 Personality and Values 131 Personality 133 What Is Personality? 133 †¢ The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator 135 †¢ The Big Five Personality Model 136 †¢ Other Personality Traits Relevant to OB 139 x CONTENTS Values 144 The Importance of Values 144 †¢ Terminal versus Instrumental Values 144 †¢ Generational Values 145 Linking an Individual’s Personality and Values to the Workplace 148 Person–Job Fit 148 †¢ Person–Organization Fit 150 InternationalRead MoreIkea Case Study on Marketing22843 Words   |  92 Pages............................................................................................................. 17 Secondary data ................................................................................................................. 17 Evaluation of the empirical data........................................................................................... 18 Validity........................................................................................................................Read MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages.................................................................................................. ......... 299 CHAPTER 10 Deductive Reasoning .......................................................................................... 312 x Implying with Certainty vs. with Probability ................................................................................ 312 Distinguishing Deduction from Induction ...........................................................................Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesLocus of Control Scale 52 Tolerance of Ambiguity Scale 54 Core Self-Evaluation Scale (CSES) 56 SKILL LEARNING 57 Key Dimensions of Self-Awareness 57 The Enigma of Self-Awareness 58 The Sensitive Line 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 Attitudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases Involving Self-Awareness 84 Communist PrisonRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesPromotion in England; and Outsourcing Kmart and Sears: A Hedge Fund Manager’s Challenge Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 iii vii 1 9 11 103 127 129 147 161 175 177 190 203 220 233 251 267 ix x †¢ Contents PART V NOTABLE MARKETING SUCCESSES 281 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Southwest Airlines: Success Is Finally Contested Nike: A Powerhouse Brand Vanguard: Is Advertising Really Needed? 283 302 319 PART VI ETHICALRead MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 Pageswhich are available as classic cases. This approach starts the course with participants talking about the strategic issues relevant to that company and industry, and gives pointers to issues that will be covered in the rest of the course. A similar opening can be achieved by asking one or more participants to talk about the key strategic issues in their own organisation or in an organisation that is well known to many participants. †¢ †¢ 12  © Pearson Education Limited 2011 Johnson, Whittington

Musci Industry Pest - 6413 Words

1.0 Introduction The marketing department of a record label plays a large part in portraying an artists’ image to its fan base and the music industry. Once an artist has produced their music and is ready to be made public, it is up to the marketing department to make sure that it is made available in all media formats. This is done solely through a range of distribution and promotion campaigns. This case will look at the current situation of the music industry and analyse the effect the new technologies and the digital world are having on record labels and artists. Firstly by looking at a micro and macro environmental view point using various analysis models a better understanding can be made of the music industry in its current state.†¦show more content†¦For example the evolution of digital radio stations (Digital Audio Broadcasters (DAB)) has lead to the evolution of DAB ripping. (Appendix 3). †¢ The likes of Apple are being restricted by having their music offerings only available on iPod players, and therefore believe by having copyright protection removed by record labels, there can be a better turnover for all parties involved. (Appendix 13). †¢ The current traditional method of record labels is that they keep the copyrights of artists’ recordings, which generally leads to the record label being profitable and the artists breaking even. (App endix 7). †¢ A new possible method of keeping the music industry profitable may be by legalising file sharing and giving artists / bands control over their own music. (Therefore working with a collapsed copyright system.) (Appendix 7). 2.1.2 Economic Factors †¢ There are more methods of opportunities for artists / bands to both increase revenue and exposure, through CDs, digital downloads ringtones, concerts, TV shows, and video games. (Appendix 7). †¢ Concert ticket sales have increased immensely over recent years and have become major events in an artists / bands diary. (Appendix 7). †¢ A recent revision by the American President of the tax code has made it easier for intellectual property to be sold in the US, which therefore means that another possible method of development for the music industry can be through making

Quality Management and Continuous Improvement

Question: Discuss about the Quality Management and Continuous Improvement. Answer: Introduction Business professionals examine continually their processes for eliminating and discovering problems for supporting continuous improvement (Allen 2014). Moreover, the continuous improvement means to strive consistently in terms of improving the services or products of the organizations as per the highest standard. The major aim of this study is to explain as well as illustrate the continuous improvement plan in the context of the engineering and construction domain. This study describes all the necessary and important components of continuous improvement plan in as a complete manner. On the other hand, a range of sample continuous improvement plan is also aimed to be recognized. Moreover, this study portrays a pictorial illustration of the continuous improvement plan. Apart from that, this study also aims to provide an in-depth overview of continuous improvement plan. In order to conduct the entire study, the case study on the Major Building and Construction Contract undertaken by Que ensland Rail Limited has been selected. In addition and most importantly, the continuous improvement plan is aimed to be implemented in this study in terms of meeting all the basic learning requirements of the unit like the knowledge regarding the basic concepts and performance of the fundamental skills. Furthermore, the continuous improvement plan is also aimed to be presented with the flair, originality or imagination depending in the proficiency in all the learning outcomes. Textual Overview of Continuous Improvement Plan - Continuous improvement is the ongoing effort for improving processes, services or products. These particular efforts are able to seek the breakthrough improvement all at once or incremental improvement over time (Fryer, Antony and Douglas 2015). The terms continual improvement as well as continuous improvement are utilized interchangeably and frequently. Plan-do-check-act cycle is a four-step quality model, which is one of the most widely utilized continuous improvement tools (Milnitz and Tubino 2016). It is such a process, which is able to achieve enhanced quality of service delivery, simplified procedures and processes, customer focus, attitudinal change and recognition of customers both internal and external in the long term. Continuous improvement has become a necessity (Milner et al. 2016). On the other hand, Total Quality Management, Lean Management and Six Sigma are the other very famous tools for implementing continuous improv ement in the business processes. These tools can significantly emphasize teamwork as well as employee involvement by systematizing and measuring processes; and minimizing cycle times, defects and variation. The continuous improvement plan can effectively satisfy the value of customer as well as eliminate waste in the business operations of an organization (Derrick-Mills et al. 2015). The most important as well as the simplest thing to do while starting a continuous improvement project is to interact properly with the clients and organization that an individual want to improve continually the services provided. This particular intention should be stated through the team briefings and strategy reviews. Therefore, the incorporation of an appropriate continuous plan can be very effective for the major building and construction contract undertaken by Queensland Rail Limited. According to the general conditions of this contract, this contract should follow an annexure list (Eaidgah et al. 2016). This annexure list incorporates the clauses, which should be added, amended or deleted to the Australian Standard General Conditions of Contract AS 2124-1992 and should be read as the component of the contract. These deletions and the amendments are mainly aimed to be made in terms of improving clauses of this contract. Moreover, a continuous improvement plan should be incorporated while making these deletions and amendments simply because of the fact that the minor items are not mentioned expressly (Gonzalez Aleu et al. 2016). However, these items are essential for the performance as well as satisfactory completion of the work under the contract. These should be executed as well as supplied by the contractor at the own cost of the contractor and are also deemed to be incorporated in the Sum of Contract. The continuous improvement plan would also be proven very important for removing the errors in the Bills of quantities. Purpose of the Incorporation of Continuous Improvement Plan - There are few significant purposes due to which the continuous improvement plan should be implemented for this contract. The contractor should comply with as well as assure that all and any of the subcontractors or the other persons are involved in performing the work under this contract complies with the entire safety requirements and legislation (Muthukumar et al. 2014). The proper safety programs and precautions are maintained so as for preventing the injury to persons as well as damaging property arising out of the work performance under this particular contract. On the other hand, the principal of any incident should promptly be notified, which is necessary to be reported towards any legislative authority and cooperated with the superintendent and the principal in regards to the incident (Colicchia, Creazza and Strozzi 2017). It should incorporate providing information or details and the documentation to the Superinte ndent and the Principal as requested in terms of the incident. The activities should be coordinated, consulted as well as cooperated with the Superintendent and the principal (Schneider 2015). Moreover, the contractor has to assure that all the subcontractors are involved for performing any segment of the work under the contract. In addition, the contractor should also comply with the Work Health and Safety Management Plan of the Principal. The contractor should undertake the Site specific Health and Safety Site Instructions. Continuous Improvement Plan Goal No Objective Target Related Procedures Action Target Date Status Date Completed Assigned Responsibility Required Additional Resources 1. Deletion of clauses from general conditions in AS2124-1992 Nominated Subcontractors direct payment N/A Removal of this clause 20th February, 2017 Satisfactory work performance and completion under the contract Contractor and Project Manager N/A Recourse for unpaid moneys N/A Clause Removal 20th February, 2017 Satisfactory work performance and completion under the contract Contractor and Project Manager N/A Indemnity by the Principal N/A Clause Removal 20th February, 2017 Satisfactory work performance and completion under the contract (Cameron 2015). Contractor and Project Manager N/A Continuous Improvement Plan by amending the clauses from general conditions in AS2124-1992 Goal No Objective Target Related Procedures Action Target Date Status Date Completed Assigned Responsibility Required Additional Resources 1. Contract Construction Replacing few inappropriate words to make an improvised contract Word replacement on the contract Deleting the words or territory stated in the Annexure 21st February, 2017 Scheduled N/A Contractor N/A Addition of the words of Queensland and the parties agree to submit to the jurisdiction of the courts of the state of Queensland (Cohen-Vogel et al. 2015). 2. Recourse to Conversion of Security and Retention Money Recourse for the retention of cash security and moneys Conversion of principal into money security Security conversion and money retention Ongoing Scheduled N/A Contractor N/A 3. Minimization of Security and Retention moneys Insertion of the words or where there are Separable Portions upon issue of the last of the certificates of Practical Completion on the contract Word amendments in the contract for ensuring retention moneys and security Word amendment 22nd February, 2017 Scheduled N/A Contractor N/A 4. Service of Notices Amendments of few words in the final paragraphs to improvise the tender (Kohlbacher 2013). Contractors Service of Payment on principal should be made. Superintendent may do issuing and signing of payment schedules to the contractor. Contractor would assure that within 24 hours after any notice under the BCIP Act is received or given by the contractor a copy of that notice Ongoing Scheduled N/A Contractor N/A 5. Nominated Subcontract termination No termination of subcontract for nominated subcontract work without the Superintendents approval Addition of a statement regarding not terminating subcontract is made by deleting the first sentence in the tender Subcontract termination without the superintendents approval would be prohibited 22nd February, 2017 Scheduled N/A Contractor N/A 6. Time as well as cost extension Permitting time and cost extension for the project N/A Extending time and cost by amending the contract Ongoing scheduled N/A Contractor N/A 7. Protection of Property and People Ensuring the property and people protection by amending this law An item is to be provided where its provision is stated to be essential for normal safe working Protecting people and their property Ongoing scheduled N/A contractor N/A 8. Delay Costs Contractor should not be entitled for recovering monetary compensation for delay in reaching practical completion (Kovach 2016). Determining the component costs for actual delay. Insertion of a new clause regarding delay cost in place of clause 36 Ongoing Scheduled N/A Contractor N/A 9. Payment of Subcontractors and workers Improvising payment system for the workers and the subcontractors of this construction project Incorporation of Payment Recording System, Statement Naming Subcontractors, Record of Payment System, Payment on behalf of Contractor, Statutory Declaration and Documentary Evidence Clause amendment, which incorporate the implementation of these systems to improve the payment system Ongoing Scheduled N/A Contractor N/A 10. Workplace Health and Safety Improvising health and safety factors for workers in this construction project. Incorporation of the safety legislation in regards to occupational health and safety in order to meet the safety requirement. Amending this clause regarding workplace health and safety factors and requirement in the constructional site Ongoing Scheduled N/A Contractor N/A 11. Rail Safety Workers Complying with the Transport Requirement Act. Ensuring any rail safety work commences, person incorporating its workers performing the rail safety work. Making competent for carrying out the safety work and assessing competence. Undertaking a medical assessment. Ongoing scheduled N/A Contractor N/A 12. Training Policy Adding 50 clauses regarding improvising training system by accomplishing few significant purposes. Compliances should be accomplished associated with the clauses of training policy. Addition of 50 new clauses in order to establish an effective training system. Ongoing Scheduled N/A Contractor N/A 13. Compliance with the Policies of Principal Complying with the necessities of all the specifications, standards and policies of principal whilst undertaking services, works or the goods supply It is not limited to the Code of conduct of Principal in force, amended or introduced during the term or any extended term of the contract Addition of the new clause by highlighting the compliance with the policies of principals. Ongoing Scheduled N/A Contractor N/A The above illustrated continuous improvement plans have mainly demonstrated the awareness as well as the understanding of the less obvious aspects as well as in-depth aspects of unit like the capability of identifying and debating the critical problems or issues (Reinhardt and Bockmhl 2013). Moreover, the continuous improvement plans portrayed above have tried to resolve the issues and the continuous improvement plans have become capable of evaluating as well as inventing new ideas in terms of adding or amending new clauses within the tender or the contract of Queensland rail project in engineering and construction domain. Conclusion The entire study has successfully enlightened the effectiveness as well as the significance of the continuous improvement plan. Hence, in this study, the continuous improvement plan on the engineering and construction domain has been portrayed in order to convey its significances. Therefore, it can be seen from this study that it has significantly reflected the capability of using as well as applying the basic concepts and skills of the unit by going beyond the mere replication of skill or content knowledge for showing the understanding the major ideas as well as the originality or insight. From the continuous improvement plan deployed in this study, it can also be noticed that there are few deletion and amendments have been made over the contract. These modifications have simply been made in terms of improvising the entire tender by removing few clauses and by adding some clauses. On the other hand, this study has implemented two charts individually for both the deletion and the add ition of the clauses in the tender in order to convey the areas of improvement within the tender. References Allen, B.B., 2014. Lean risk assessments: Emphasizing management's needs and continuous improvement can enhance internal audit's risk assessments.Internal Auditor,71(5), pp.24-26. Cameron, N.R., 2015.Iterative method, system, and user interface for analysis, pattern detection, predictive modeling, and continuous improvement of quality, health, safety, and environmental (qhse) operations. U.S. Patent Application 14/622,924. Cohen-Vogel, L., Tichnor-Wagner, A., Allen, D., Harrison, C., Kainz, K., Socol, A.R. and Wang, Q., 2015. Implementing educational innovations at scale: Transforming researchers into continuous improvement scientists.Educational Policy,29(1), pp.257-277. Colicchia, C., Creazza, A. and Strozzi, F., 2017. Citation network analysis for supporting continuous improvement in Higher Education.Studies in Higher Education, pp.1-17. Derrick-Mills, T., Winkler, M.K., Healy, O. and Greenberg, E., 2015. A Resource Guide for Head Start Programs: Moving beyond a Culture of Compliance to a Culture of Continuous Improvement. OPRE Report 2015-02.Administration for Children Families. Eaidgah, Y., Eaidgah, Y., Maki, A.A., Maki, A.A., Kurczewski, K., Kurczewski, K., Abdekhodaee, A. and Abdekhodaee, A., 2016. Visual management, performance management and continuous improvement: A lean manufacturing approach.International Journal of Lean Six Sigma,7(2), pp.187-210. Fryer, K.J. and Ogden, S.M., 2014. Modelling continuous improvement maturity in the public sector: key stages and indicators.Total Quality Management Business Excellence,25(9-10), pp.1039-1053. Fryer, K.J., Antony, J. and Douglas, A., 2015. Critical Success Factors of Continuous Improvement in the Public Sector: A review of literature and some key findings. Gonzalez Aleu, F., Gonzalez Aleu, F., Van Aken, E.M. and Van Aken, E.M., 2016. Systematic literature review of critical success factors for continuous improvement projects.International Journal of Lean Six Sigma,7(3), pp.214-232. Kohlbacher, M., 2013. The impact of dynamic capabilities through continuous improvement on innovation: the role of business process orientation.Knowledge and Process Management,20(2), pp.71-76. Kovach, J.V., 2016. The Role of Learning and Exploration in Quality Management and Continuous Improvement. InQuality in the 21st Century(pp. 75-89). Springer International Publishing. Milner, C.D., Milner, C.D., Savage, B.M. and Savage, B.M., 2016. Modeling continuous improvement evolution in the service sector: A comparative case study.International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences,8(3), pp.438-460. Milnitz, D. and Tubino, D.F., 2016. Construction of a scale to measure the level of employee commitment in the practice of continuous improvement in an organization through the nominal response model of TRI.Production,26(3), pp.581-589. Muthukumar, N., Tamizhjyothi, K., Resmi, A.T. and Nachiappan, R.M., 2014. Study on imperative factors of continuous improvement tooltotal productive lean manufacturing for improvement of organisational culture towards world class performance.International Journal of Enterprise Network Management,6(1), pp.42-66. Reinhardt, W. and Bockmhl, T., 2013, July. Continuous improvement of geographic data production processes: Approach and results of a case study. Ine-Business (ICE-B), 2013 International Conference on(pp. 1-7). IEEE. Schneider, M., 2015, May. The Guide Board, an Artefact to Support the Continuous Improvement of an Agile Teams Culture. InInternational Conference on Agile Software Development(pp. 287-293). Springer International Publishing.

Methylcyclohexene free essay sample

Introduction: This experiment was a study of protonating a cyclo-alcohol to become a cyclo-ene. In this case 4-methylcyclohexanol was protonated using phosphoric acid to become 4-methylcyclohexene. This demonstrates the loss of an alcohol group by protonation, the loss of a proton from the cyclohexane to form an alkene through elimination. This also demonstrates Le Chateliers principle, by using distillation to remove the product as it is formed the equilibrium of the reaction will constantly be in favor of the product. Reaction: Side Reaction: Due to a 1,3-hydride shift dehydration of 4-methycyclohexanol will produce a small amount of 1-methylcyclohexene. According to research performed by Chris Lamb of Lipscomb University, Nashville, TN (see attatchment) some 1-methylcyclohexene will be produced due to either a 1,3-hydride shift or a series of 1,2-hydride shifts (see image 1). Image 1 – Hydride shift of methycyclohexene. Compound Structure Formula Mol Wt. (g/mol) Boiling pt ( °C) 4-Methylcyclohexanol C7H14O 114. We will write a custom essay sample on Methylcyclohexene or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2 171-173 °C Phosphoric acid H3O4P 98. 0 212. 8 °C Sulfuric acid H2O4S 98. 1 337 °C Saturated Sodium Choloride NaCl  NaCl 58. 4 108. 7  °C Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate Na2SO4 142. 0 1429  °C 4-Methylcyclohexene C7H12 96. 2 101-102 °C 1-Methylcyclohexene C7H12 96. 2 108-112  °C Table 1 – Chemical properties via www. chemspider. com Experimental: February 12, 2014 First the distillation apparatus was assembled (see image 2), then 1. 5 mL of 4-methylcyclohexanol was placed in a pre-weighed conical vial (CV1) and weighed (see table 2). To the conical vial was added approximately 0. 40 mL of 85% phosphoric acid and 6 drops of concentrated sulfuric acid. The solution was mixed thoroughly and a spin vane added. The conical vial (CV1) with solution was then placed in the distillation apparatus (see image 2) and gradual heat applied while spin vane was activated. Aluminum foil was placed over the conical vial and aluminum heating block to aid the heating of solution. As the solution was distilled the product was removed from the Hickman head via a port on the side and transferred into another conical vial which was promptly capped. Once the solution in the original vial was distilled to a remainder of about 0. 5 mL the heat was turned off and the last of the product was transferred. Then the Hickman head was rinsed with saturated sodium chloride to obtain any product on the sides and this also transferred to the second vial. The second vial was allowed to sit until two layers formed, the bottom aqueous layer was removed and discarded; the remaining organic product was transferred to a test tube and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate for 10 to 15 minutes while capped. The remaining product was carefully transferred to another pre-weighed conical vial (CV2) and weighed to determine mass of product obtained (see table 2). Product was sealed in a conical vial with silicon seal and stored at room temperature. Image 2 – Distillation apparatus. February 17, 2014 Conical vial with product removed from drawer, vial attached to condenser without water water-flow applied and placed on heat to determine boiling point. Results and Discussion: Vial Mass Empty (g) Mass Combined (g) Mass of Solution (g) CV1 27. 185 28. 788 1. 603g C7H14O CV2 21. 615 22. 535 0. 920g C7H12 Table 2 – Mass measurements. In this experiment 4-methycyclohexanol was dehydrated using phosphoric acid to yield 4-methylcyclohexene. The experiment began with 1. 603g of 4-methycyclohexanol and resulted in a yield of 0. 920g of product. Since the theoretical yield is 1. 35g this leads to a percent yield by mass of 68. 1% (see calculations). The boiling point of the product obtained was found to be 104. 4 °C which is higher than the expected 101-102 °C (see table 1); this could also be due to the side reaction product whose boiling point is 108-112  °C (see table 1) causing the boiling point found experimentally to be a combination of the two products. The side reaction, however, should not affect the percent yield since both products have the same MW. Conclusions: In the process of this experiment phosphoric acid was used to catalyze the dehydration of 4-methycyclohexanol to 4-methylcyclohexene and possibly 1-methycyclohexene as explained above. Being a volatile solution keeping the solutions contained whenever possible was an important consideration. The results obtained in this experiment deviated only slightly from what was expected, however since results from similar experiments could not be found the percent yield could not be compared to other’s results. The boiling point found experimentally was only 2. 4 °C higher than the accepted value of the product expected (4-methylcyclohexene). However, as stated above, this error could be due to the fact that some of the product was 1-methylcyclohexene but this would not explain the yield since the MW of both products are the same. Error in the yield could be due to the aforementioned volatility of the product, especially since the solution required multiple transfers exposing it to air and allowing evaporation whenever it was uncapped. Further error would be due to having accidentally left the cap off of the vial while washing the Hickman head with saturated sodium chloride allowing more evaporation than would be expected in this experiment. Purity and Quantity: With a percent yield of 68% and a boiling point that was very close to the accepted it is believed the expected products were obtained with fair purity. Calculations: Mass of 4-methylcyclohexanol = vialfull – vialempty = 28. 788g – 27. 185g = 1. 603g Mass of product = vialfull – vialempty = 22. 535g – 21. 615g = 0. 920g Theoretical yield: Percent yield: